| Publication Type |
Journal Article |
| Title |
The potential action of single functionalization treatments and combined treatments for the consolidation of carbonate stones |
| Authors |
Bruno Sena da Fonseca A. P. Ferreira Pinto Susana Gonçalves Maria F. Montemor |
| Groups |
|
| Journal |
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS |
| Year |
2018 |
| Month |
February |
| Volume |
163 |
| Number |
|
| Pages |
586-599 |
| Abstract |
The lack of relevant chemical bond between carbonate minerals and TEOS-based consolidants was addressed by using a fine-grain porous carbonate stone to investigate alternative single treatments and functionalization pre-treatments for a commercial TEOS-based product (BS) (combined treatments). Solutions of tartaric (T) and citric (C) acids with different aggressiveness (by varying the concentration, pH and number of applications) and one solution of an amino-functional alkoxysilane solution (SiD) were developed and tested. The 0.035 M (pH approximate to 4.5) solutions of T and C applied 3 times revealed the best potential to act as single treatments while more aggressive treatments showed to have negative outcomes: formation of a superficial dense layer (T case) and excessive dissolution of calcite gains (C case). Although the formation of new crystal phases was confirmed, advantages on their use as pre-treatments for BS were hardly unveiled. The SiD was capable to form a thin layer of an ORMOSIL material covering calcite and showed potential to act as single treatment, while also having some potential to improve the superficial consolidation action of BS. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| DOI |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.126 |
| ISBN |
|
| Publisher |
|
| Book Title |
|
| ISSN |
0950-0618 |
| EISSN |
1879-0526 |
| Conference Name |
|
| Bibtex ID |
ISI:000426225200054 |
| Observations |
|
