| Publication Type |
Journal Article |
| Title |
Alkoxysilane-based sols for consolidation of carbonate stones: Impact of the carbonate medium in the sol-gel processes |
| Authors |
Bruno Sena da Fonseca M J Ferreira Maryna Taryba Susana Picarra Ana Paula Ferreira Pinto Maria F. Montemor |
| Groups |
CSSE BioMol |
| Journal |
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE |
| Year |
2019 |
| Month |
May |
| Volume |
37 |
| Number |
|
| Pages |
63-72 |
| Abstract |
This investigation addresses the impact of the carbonate medium in the sol-gel processes of stone consolidants and the possible detrimental effects in practical applications. The results demonstrate that the carbonate medium influences the sol-gel paths and that silicate materials developed in the carbonate stone pores can be structurally different from those formed within inert conditions, as a consequence of the combined effect of pH and ionic interactions between Si-O-and Ca2+. The trend is that the formation of the silica films around stone grains (silica growth mechanism through typical condensation) evolves into less advantageous growth processes (Oswald ripening and/or coagulation), resulting in a material that is unlikely to consolidate carbonate stone. Furthermore, pH measurements and different ratios between NMR Q(3): Q(4) species along stone depth showed that this effect seems more important at greater depths. The results underline the importance of the carbonate medium in the failure of alkoxysilane-based treatments and, accordingly, that an efficient design and development of new alkoxysilane-based consolidants must consider this effect. (c) 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. |
| DOI |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2018.11.007 |
| ISBN |
|
| Publisher |
|
| Book Title |
|
| ISSN |
1296-2074 |
| EISSN |
1778-3674 |
| Conference Name |
|
| Bibtex ID |
ISI:000465527700007 |
| Observations |
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